말러의 8번 교향곡 공연을 앞두고 (Symphony of a Thousand by Gustav Mahler)

CPO 상임지휘자 로베르토 민주크씨

2016년 6월 10일과 11일에 캘거리에서 독일의 작곡가 말러의 8번 심포니 공연이 있습니다.

이 공연은 캘거리 필하모닉 오케스트라(CPO) 창단 60주년 기념 Gala 공연으로

두개의 합창단과 어린이 합창단, 그리고 8명의 독창자들이 필요한 대작이기에

캘거리 필하모닉 합창단과 캘거리 어린이 합창단과 더불어

이 뜻깊은 행사에 내가 24년간 멤버로 활동하기도 하고,

알버타주에서 제일 오래된 합창단인 리차드 이튼 싱어즈 합창단이 초청되어서

이 합창교향곡 걸작품을 함께 이번 주말에 캘거리의 Jack Singer Concert Hall에서 공연됩니다.

18년 전 에드먼튼 시에 새로 건축된 윈스피어 뮤직 센터 개관때에

개관 갤라 연주회를 가졌을 때에는, 캘거리 심포니와 합창단이 에드먼튼으로 와서

같은 작품을 공연한 적이 있기도 해서 두 도시를 대표하는 오케스트라와 합창단이

서로 뜻깊은 행사에 참여해서 축하를 해 준 적이 있습니다.

캘거리와 에드먼튼은 약 300 km 떨어진 거리에 있는데,

4-5월에 두번에 걸쳐서 중간 지점에 위치한 도시의 한 교회에서

함께 연습을 가진 바 있는데, 주말 공연에 앞서서

캘러리 필에서 제공한 버스를 타고 수요일 1시에 캘거리로 가서

수요일과 목요일 저녁에 세 합창단과 오케스트라와 함께 연습을  가질 예정입니다.

말러 교향곡

말러의 교향곡 8번은 베토벤의 9번 환희 교향곡처럼 합창 교향곡으로

다른 교향곡보다 훨씬 더 많은 기악 주자와 단원이 많은 대규모의 합창단과 어린이 합창단까지

요구되어서 천명의 교향곡(Symphony of a Thousand) 라고 자주 불리울 정도로

스케일도 크고, 공연에 드는 비용도 많이 들어서 자주 공연되지 않기도 하다.

8번 교향곡은 작곡가 말러의 활동시기 중반기 마지막 시기에 

오케스트라와 합창단의 협주곡으로 형식으로 작곡되었는데,

보통 4악장으로 이루어진 심포니와 달리 2부로 구성되어 있다.

1부는 9세기에 오순절을 위한 라틴어 기도문

'Veni, creator spiritus'(오소서, 창조의 영이시여),

2부는 괴테가 쓴 '피우스트'에서 발체한  글을 토대로  교향곡이 작곡되었다.

서로 쓰여진 시기와 내용도 좀 다르지만, 음악적인 모티브와 테마를 사용해서

사랑의 힘으로 인간이 구제될 수 있다는 공통점으로 묶여진 것이 특이하다.

이 교향곡을 작곡할 당시 말러는 냉소주의자에,

신을 부정하기도 할 정도로 절망에 빠져있었는데,

8번 교향곡을 작곡하면서 인간의 숭고한 혼과 존엄성이 영원하다는 

그의 확고한 신념을 표현한 작품이다.

미국 출신 레너드 번슈타인의 지휘로 비엔나 필하모닉 오케스트라와 비엔나 국립 오페라단 합창단,

그리고 비엔나 소년합창단이 펼치는 말러의 8번 교향곡을 감상해 보시길....

지휘: Leonard Bernstein,

오케스트라: Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra

합창단: the Vienna State Opera Chrous, the Vienna Boys Choir,

독창자: Edda Moser (soprano), Judith Blegen (soprano),

           Gerti Zeumer (soprano), Ingrid Mayr (contralto), Agnes Baltsa (contralto),

           Kenneth Riegel (tenor), Hermann Prey (baritone) and Jose Van Dam (bass)

Mahler, Symphony No.8 - text and translation

Part I - Hymnus: Veni, creator spiritus

Veni, creator spiritus,               Come, creator Spirit,
mentes tuorum visita;              let your spirit enter us;
imple superna gratia,               fill with grace from above
quae tu creasti pectora.            those whom you have created.

Qui Paraclitus diceris,               You are known as the Comforter,
donum Dei altissimi,                 a gift from God on high,
fons vivus, ignis, caritas,           living spring, fire, love,
et spiritalis unctio.                    and unction of the spirit.

Infirma nostri corporis               Endow our weak bodies,
virtute firmans perpeti;              with eternal strength;
accende lumen sensibus,            inflame our senses with light,
infunde amorem cordibus.          pour love into our hearts.

Hostem repellas longius,            Drive the enemy far away,
pacemque dones protinus;          grant us lasting peace;
ductore sic te praevio                 so that, under your guidance,
vitemus omne pessimum.           we might avoid all evil.

Tu septiformis munere,              You, with sevenfold gifts,
dexterae paternae digitus;          the finger of God's right hand;
[tu rite promissum Patris,           [you, true promise of the Father,
sermone ditans guttura.]            have endowed our tongues with speech]

Per te sciamus da Patrem,          through you may we know the Father
noscamus [atque] Filium,           [and also] the Son,
[te utriusque] spiritum               [and you, emanating from both], O Spirit
credamus omni tempore.            let us believe forever.

 

Da gaudiorum praemia,              Give us joy,
da gratiarum munera;                grant us your grace;
dissolve litis vincula,                  dissolve the chains that bind us
adstringe pacis foedera.             and join us in bonds of peace.

 

Gloria Patri Domino,                  Glory be to God the Father,
Deo sit gloria et Filio                  and glory also to his Son
natoque, qui a mortuis               begotten, and from the dead
surrexit, ac Paraclito                  arisen, and also our Comforter
in saeculorum saecula.               forever and ever.

NOTE: The text presented above is the traditional text to Veni, creator spiritus.  

Mahler did not use the bracketed text, and his setting frequently rearranges and repeats lines.

The text has been presented in its original form here to preserve the original sense of the Latin hymn. 

Part II - Closing scene from Faust, Act II 

Mountain gorges, forest, cliff, solitude.  

Holy Anchorites are sheltering in rocky clefts.

 HOLY ANCHORITES (choir and echo)

Waldung, sie schwankt heran,              Forests sway, 

Felsen, sie lasten dran,                  rocks bear down heavily, 

Wurzeln, sie klammern an,                 roots grip. 

Stamm dicht an Stamm hinan.               tree-trunk crowds close to tree-trunk, 

Woge nach Woge spritzt,                   wave breaks upon wave, foaming, 

Höhle, die tiefste, schützt.              the deepest cave provides shelter. 

Löwen, sie schleichen stumm,              Lions, who walk quietly about 

freundlich um uns herum,                  are friendly towards us, 

ehren geweihten Ort,                      honoring the sacred place, 

heiligen Liebeshort.                      holy sanctuary of love.

 PATER ECSTATICUS (soaring up and down)

Ewiger Wonnebrand                         Eternal fire of bliss, 

glühendes Liebeband,                      glowing bonds of love, 

siedender Schmerz der Brust,              seething pain in the breast, 

schäumende Gotteslust!                    raging desire for God! 

Pfeile, durchdringet mich,                Arrows, pierce me; 

Lanzen, bezwinget mich,                   lances, subdue me; 

Keulen, zerschmettert mich,               clubs, batter me; 

Blitze, durchwettert mich!                lightning, pierce me through! 

Daß ja das Nichtige                       So that vain things 

alles verflüchtige,                       might all vanish, 

glänze der Dauerstern,                    that the eternal star may shine forth, 

ewiger Liebe Kern!                        eternal nucleus of love!

 PATER PROFUNDUS (from the nether region)

Wie Felsenabgrund mir zu Füßen            As the rocky abyss at my feet 

auf tiefem Abgrund lastend ruht,          rests upon a deeper abyss, 

wie tausend Bäche strahlend fließen       as a thousand sparkling streams flow, 

zum grausen Sturz des Schaums der Flut    to the awful cataract of foaming flood, 

wie strack, mit eig'nem kräft'gen Triebe, as, straight upwards by its own power 

der Stamm sich in die Lüfte trägt;        the tree-trunk thrusts itself into the air; 

so ist es die allmächt'ge Liebe,          so it is almighty love 

die alies bildet, alles hegt.             that forms and cherishes all. 

Ist um mich her ein wildes Brausen,       When wild tumult roars around me, 

als wogte Wald und Felsengrund,           as the forest and rocks quiver, 

und doch stürzt, liebevoll im Sausen,     and yet, loving in its bluster, 

die Wasserfülle sich zum Schlund,         the mass of water, hurls itself into the gorge 

berufen gleich das Tal zu wässern:        eventually summoned to water the valley: 

der Blitz, der flammend niederschlug,     the lightning, flaming downward, 

die Atmosphäre zu verbessern,             to purify the atmosphere, 

die Gift und Dunst im Busen trug,         which carries in its bosom poison and fumes; 

sind Liebesboten, sie verkünden,          there are the harbingers of love, proclaiming 

was ewig schaffend uns umwallt.           that which forever seethes, creating, around us. 

Mein Inn'res mög' es auch entzünden,      Might it kindle my innermost being, 

wo sich der Geist, verworren, kalt,       where my soul, confused and cold, 

verquält in stumpfer Sinne Schranken,     suffers in a dull stupor, 

scharf angeschloss'nem Kettenschmerz.     locked fast in chains of pain. 

O Gott! beschwichtige die Gedanken,       Oh God!  Soothe my thoughts 

erleuchte mein bedürftig Herz!            lighten my needy heart!

 CHORUS OF ANGELS 

(soaring in the upper atmosphere, bearing Faust's immortal essence)

Gerettet ist das edle Glied               Saved is the immortal essence 

der Geisterwelt vom Bösen:                of the spirit world from evil: 

wer immer strebend sich bemüht,           whoever struggles and strives, 

den können wir erlösen;                   we can rescue; 

und hat an ihm die Liebe gar              and if on him love coming 

von oben teilgenommen,                    from on high has taken its part, 

begegnet ihm die sel'ge Schar             the Heavenly Host will greet him, 

mit herzlichem Willkommen.                with a heartfelt welcome.

 CHOIR OF BLESSED BOYS (circling the highest peaks)

Hände verschlinget euch                   Let's join hands 

freudig zum Ringverein,                   joyfully, together in a ring 

regt euch und singe                       let's rise up and sing 

heil'ge Gefühle drein!                    with holy emotion! 

Göttlich belehret,                        Instructed by God, 

dürft ihr vertrauen;                      you may rest assured; 

den ihr verehret,                         that he, whom you worship, 

werdet ihr schauen.                       you will behold.

 YOUNGER ANGELS

Jene Rosen, aus den Händen                Those roses, from the hands 

liebend-heiliger Büßerinnen,              of love-sanctified women penitents 

halten uns den Sieg gewinnen              help us to achieve victory 

und das hohe Werk vollenden,              and fulfill the noble work 

diesen Seelenschatz erbeuten.             of capturing the prize of this soul. 

Böse wichen, als wir streuten,            Evil fled as we scattered them, 

teufel flohen, als wir trafen.            demons retreated as we advanced. 

Statt gewohnter Höllenstrafen             Instead of the usual punishments of Hell, 

fühlten Liebesqual die Geister,           spirits felt the pangs of love. 

Selbst der alte Satans-Meister            Even Satan, the old master himself, 

war von spitzer Pein durchdrungen.        was pieced by sharp pain. 

Jauchzet auf! Es ist gelungen.            Rejoice!  It is fulfilled.

 MORE PERFECT ANGELS

Uns bieibt ein Erdenrest                  An earthly residue remains with us, 

zu tragen peinlich,                       painful to bear, 

und wär' er von Asbest                    and though it were made of asbestos, 

er ist nicht reinlich.                    it is not clean. 

Wenn starke Geisteskraft                  When the strong powers of the spirit 

die Elemente an sich herangerafft,        bind the elements to itself, 

kein Engel trennte                        no angel could divide 

geeinte Zwienatur                         the united double nature 

der innigen beiden;                       of the firmly united pair: 

die ewige Liebe nur                       only eternal love 

vermag's zu scheiden.                     is capable of dividing them.

 YOUNGER ANGELS

Ich spür' soeben,                         I see at this moment, 

nebelnd um Felsenhöh',                    misty around the rocky heights, 

ein Geisterleben.                         a gathering of spirits. 

Regend sich in der Näh'                   Moving nearby, I see 

seliger Knaben,                           holy children, 

seh' ich bewegte Schar                    a multitude 

los von der Erde Druck,                   freed of earthly burdens, 

im Kreis gesellt,                         joined in a circle, 

die sich erlaben                          delighting themselves 

am neuen Lenz und Schmuck                 in the new springtime and in the embellishment 

Der obern Welt.                           of the world above.

 DOCTOR MARIANUS (in the highest, purest cell of all)

Hier ist die Aussicht frei,               Here the view is unobstructed, 

der Geist erhoben.                        the spirit uplifted.

 YOUNGER ANGELS

Sei er zum Anbeginn,                      Let him start out with them, 

steigendem Vollgewinn                     until, ever rising, he attains 

diesen gesellt!                           the highest gain!

  CHOIR OF BLESSED BOYS

Freudig empfangen wir                     Joyfully do we receive 

diesen im Puppenstand;                    this one in chrysalis; 

also erlangen wir                         thus do we receive 

englisches Unterpfand.                    an angelic pledge. 

Löset die Flocken los,                    Take away the wrappings 

die ihn umgeben!                          that surround him! 

Schon ist er schön und groß               Already he is beautiful and tall 

von heiligem Leben.                       through the holy life.

 DOCTOR MARIANUS

Dort ziehen Frauen vorbei,                Women pass by there, 

schwebend nach oben,                      soaring towards the heights, 

die Herrliche mitterin                    the Glorious one in their midst 

im Sternenkranze,                         crowned with stars, 

die Himmelskönignen,                      the Queen of Heaven. 

Ich seh's am Glanze,                      I perceive by her splendor 

höchste Herrscherin der Welt!             the most exalted mistress of the world! 

Lasse mich im blauen,                     Let me, in the blue 

ausgespannten Himmelszelt                 outspread vault of Heaven 

dein Geheimnis schauen!                   behold your mystery! 

Bill'ge, was des Mannes Brust             Accept that, which in the breast of man 

ernst und zart beweget                    moves earnestly and tenderly, 

und mit heil'ger Liebeslust               and which he, with holy joy, 

dir entgegen träget!                      offers up to you! 

Unbezwinglich unser Mut,                  Our courage is in undaunted, 

wenn du hehr gebietest;                   when you sublimely command; 

plötzlich mildert sich die Glut,          passions suddenly subside, 

wenn du uns befriedest.                   when you pacify us.

 DOCTOR MARIANUS AND CHORUS

Jungfrau, rein im schönsten Sinn,         Virgin, pure in the loveliest sense, 

Mutter, Ehren würdig,                     mother, worthy of honor, 

uns erwählte Königin,                     our chosen Queen, 

Göttern ebenbürtig.                       peer of gods.

 CHORUS 

Dir, der Unberührbaren,                   It is not denied 

ist es nicht benommen,                    to you, O stainless one, 

daß die leicht Verführbaren               that those who are easily led astray 

traulich zu dir kommen.                   might confidently approach 

In die Schwachheit hingerafft,            Deeply entangles in weakness, 

sind sie schwer zu retten;                they are difficult to save; 

wer zerreißt aus eig'ner Kraft            who, though his own power alone 

der Gelüste Ketten?                       can tear away the chains of desire? 

Wie entgleitet schnell der Fuß            How quickly the foot slips 

schiefem, glattem Boden!                  on sloping, smooth ground!

 (The Mater Gloriosa appears, hovering.)

 PENITENT WOMEN AND UNA POENTENTIUM

Du schwebst zu Höhen                      You soar up to the heights 

der ewigen Reiche,                        of the eternal kingdom, 

vernimmt das Flehen,                      hear our supplication, 

du Gnadenreiche!                          O Fount of Mercy! 

Du Ohnegleiche!                           O Peerless one!

 MAGNA PECCATRIX (Luke 7)

Bei der Liebe, die den Füßen              By the love that bathed the feet 

deines gottverklärten Sohnes              of your God-announced Son 

Tränen ließ zum Balsam fließen,           with tears that flowed like balsam, 

trotz des Pharisäer-Hohnes:               despite the scorn of the Pharisees: 

beim Gefäße, das so reichlich             by the vessel which so richly 

tropfte Wohlgeruch hernieder:             dropped sweet fragrance: 

bei den Locken, die so weichlich          by the hair that so softly 

rrockneten die heil'gen Glieder.          dried his holy limbs.

 MULIER SAMARITANA (John 4)

Bei dem Bronn, zu dem schon weiland        By the well, to which already long ago. 

Abram ließ die Herde führen:               Abraham led his flocks: 

bei dem Eimer, der dem Heiland             by the jar, which was raised 

kühl die Lippe durft' berühren:            to cool the Savior's lips: 

bei der reinen, reichen Quelle,            by the pure, rich spring. 

die nun dorther sich ergießet,             which welled up ever afterwards 

überflüssig, ewig helle,                   overflowing, ever pure, flowing 

rings durch alle Welten fließet.           around and through the whole world

 MARIA AEGYPTIACA (Acta Sanctorum)

Bei dem hochgeweihten Orte,                By that most holy place, 

wo den Herrn man niederließ:               where they laid our Lord: 

bei dem Arm, der von der Pforte,           by the arms, that thrust me back 

Warnend mich zurücke stieß,                in warning from the entrance: 

bei der vierzigjähr'gen Buße,              by the forty-year penance 

der ich treu in Wüsten blieb:              I faithfully endured in the desert: 

bei dem sel'gen Scheidegruße,              by the sacred farewell, 

den im Sand ich niederschrieb.             I wrote in the sand.

 MAGNA PECCATRIX, MULIER SAMARITANA, MARIA AEGYPTIACA

Die du großen Sünderinnen                  You, who does not deny you presence 

deine Nähe nicht verweigerst,              to women who have sinned greatly, 

und ein büßendes Gewinnen                  and raise them up, through their 

in die Ewigkeiten steigerst:               penitence, to eternity: 

gönn' auch dieser guten Seele,             grant also to this good soul, 

die sich einmal nur vergessen,             who forgot herself just once, 

die nicht ahnte, daß sie fehle             not suspecting that she erred, 

dein Verzeihen angemessen!                 your just pardon!

 UNA POENITENTIUM (once known as Gretchen, clinging to the Virgin)

Neige, neige,                              Incline, incline, 

du Ohnegleiche,                            O Peerless one, 

du Strahlenreiche,                         O Shining one, 

dein Antlitz gnadig meinem Glück!          your countenance graciously to my joy! 

Der früh Geliebte,                         The one I once loved, 

nicht mehr Getrübte,                       troubled no more , 

er kommt zurück.                           has come back to me.

 CHOIR OF BLESSED BOYS (circling near)

Er überwächst uns schon                    He surpasses us already 

an mächt'gen Gliedern,                     on powerful limbs, 

wird treuer Pflege Lohn                    he will richly repay 

Reichlich erwidern.                        the reward of faithful care. 

Wir wurden früh entfernt                   We were taken prematurely 

von Lebechören;                            from the choir of the living: 

doch dieser hat gelernt,                   but this man has learned, 

er wird uns lehren.                        and he will teach us

  UNA POENITENTIUM

Vom edlen Geisterchor umgeben,             Surround by the noble choir of spirits, the 

wird sich der Neue kaum gewahr,            new arrival is scarcely conscious, 

er ahnet kaum das frische Leben,           barely aware of his new existence, 

So gleicht er schon der heil'gen Schar     he already resembles the Heavenly Host. 

Sieh, wie er jedem Erdenbande              See how he throws off all the earthly bonds 

der alten Hülle sich entrafft,             of his former shell, 

und aus ätherischem Gewande and,           in ethereal garments, 

hervortritt erste Jugendkraft!             steps out in the flush of youth! 

Vergönne mir, ihn zu belehren,             Allow me to be his guide, 

noch blendet ihn der neue Tag!             for the new day still dazzles him!

 MATER GLORIOSA AND CHORUS

Komm!                                      Come! 

Hebe dich zu höhern Sphären!               Raise yourself to the highest spheres! 

Wenn er dich ahnet, folgt er nach.         When he perceives you, he will follow.

 CHORUS

Komm!  Komm!                               Come! Come!

 DOCTOR MARIANUS AND CHORUS

Blicket aut zum Retterblick,               Look up to the redeeming gaze, 

alle reuig Zarten,                         all people contrite and tender, 

euch zu sel'gem Glück                      that you might be translated 

dankend umzuarten!                         in blessed fortune! 

Werde jeder bess're Sinn                   May every better impulse 

dir zum Dienst erbötig;                    be readily at your service: 

Jungfrau, Mutter, Königin,                 Virgin, Mother, Queen, 

Göttin, bleibe gnädig! Goddess,            remain ever gracious!

 CHORUS MYSTICUS:

Alles Vergängliche                         All that is ephemeral 

ist nur ein Gleichnis;                     is but a symbol; 

das Unzulängliche,                         the incomplete 

hier wird's Ereignis;                      is here fulfilled; 

das Unbeschreibliche,                      the indescribable 

hier ist's getan;                          is here accomplished; 

das Ewig-Weibliche                         the Eternal Feminine 

zieht uns hinan.                           draws us ever upwards.